Loom harness



May 12, 1936. J J KAUFMANN I 2,040,791

LOOM HARNESS Filed Jan. 4, 1955 Patented May 12, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE LOOM HARNESS sylvania Application January 4, 1935, Serial No. 369

v 11 Claims.

This invention relates to loom harness, and relat'es more particularly to that type of harness which is used for cross or doup weaving, in which the warp threads arranged in pairs are crossed or twisted about each other, although it should be understood that certain portions of the present invention are also applicable to other types of loom harness.

The principal obj to provide simple and efiicient metallic harness for 'cross weaving, in which each of the lifting heddles will be made of a single strip of metal, whereby crowding of the harness will be eliminated.

A further object of the invention is to provide metallic harness for cross weaving by means of which greater freedom of the warp will be obtained in the shedding, and in the use of which likelihood of the warp ends fouling on each other and on the doup needle will be greatly minimized, so that there will be fewer faults in the fabrics woven by means of the harness.

A further object of the invention is toprovide an improved construction of heddles which will serve to prevent nesting or interlocking of certain parts of each heddle with adjacent heddles in a series, which objectionable nesting is likely to cause certain of the heddles to be elevated when not desired, resulting in misweaves and errors in the pattern of the material being woven.

The nature and characteristic features of the invention will be more readily understood from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawing forming part hereof, in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical elevation of one set of elements for controlling a pair of warp ends in cross weaving, said elements being shown detached from the harness frames in which they are customarily mounted;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail view of the central portion of the same;

Fig. 3 is an edge view of the central portion of one of the guide or lifting heddles shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged horizontal section of one of the lifting heddles, the section being taken approximately on line 4-4 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a similar view, the section being taken 7' approximately on line 5-5 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged elevational View of the central or eye portion of a heddle which may be used for controlling a warp end in plain weaving,

or for controlling the pile wire of pile fabric looms in which longitudinal pile wires are used, the

ect of the present invention is same as shown embodying one of the principal novel features of the present invention;

Fig. '7 is a side elevation of the structure shown inFig,6; and V Fig. 8 is a rear elevation thereof.

It will, of course, be understood that the description and drawing herein contained are illustrative merely, and that various modifications and changes may be made in the structure disclosed without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Referring now more particularly to Figs. 1 to 5 of the drawing, there is there shown an arrangement of a pair of lifting heddles l0, and a doup needle H used therewith, all of the same general type as those shown in my previous Letters Patent No. 1,037,150, dated October 27, 1912, and,

used for doup or cross weaving.

In the present instance, the lifting heddles .III are made from a thin, flat strip of metal, each having an angularly extending portion l2, whereby the upper part l3 of the heddle is offset laterally. with respect to the lower part 14 thereof, to

afford freedom of action of the doup needle ll when it is selectively raised by one or the other of the lifting heddles In.

A central strip l5 of the eye portion of the lifting heddle I is punched out of the main plane of the remaining parts of the heddle (see Figs. 2 and 4) thereby permitting the eye portion of the doup needle I l to be disposed in the eye provided. between said punched out strip I and the side strips l6 of the heddle, without distorting said doup needle, which is also preferably punched from flat metal. The side strips l6 are also preferably punched out of the main plane of theheddle.

The lower portions of the punched out strip I 5 and of the side strips l6 lie in separated planes for the accommodation of the eye portion of the doup needle ll, whereas the upper portions of said strips l5 and 16. preferably blend into the.

main plane of the upper portion l3 of the heddle in a gradual slope, thereby avoiding any definite hump at the upper part of theeye portion of the.

heddle, which would interfere with the smooth passage of the warp ends when the shedding takes place.

The central strip l 5, as well as the side strips I6, follow the contour of the bend or offset I2 in the eye portion of the heddle. These strips ordinarily extend from a point in the lower straight portion [4 of the heddle, below the bend or offset l2, to a point in the upper straight portion I3 of the heddle, some distance above the bend l2. Near the lower end of the punched out strip l5, said strip is spread laterally, as at IT, by swaging or other suitable operation, whereby there are provided overhanging portions resulting in a width of the punched out strip I5 at this point which is greater than that of the slot from which said strip l5 was originally punched. This spreading of the punched out strip l5 at this point may be readily accomplished by means of a suitable swaging operation in the heddle making machine. Being provided near the lower end of each strip IS, the

laterally spread portions I! will be most effectively located, when the punched out strips are of 'considerable longitudinal extent, to prevent nesting of the central strips H5 in the-slots of adjacent heddles.

When the guide or lifting heddles ID of a set I of doup elements are constructed as aforesaid, the side strips l 6 of the central portion of each lifting heddle will, when the warp ends are arranged as in Fig. 2, serve to guide the ground end over the doup end and over the upper end of the doup needle. When, however, the warp ends are entered otherwise, as is sometimes required in certain types of fancy weaving, then the swaged portion II, where the central strip I5 is spread laterally, will effectively serve this purpose.

It should here be noted that, by reason of the doup heddle l 0 at one side of each set being turned about, on its vertical axis, with respect to the other doup heddle 10 of the set, there will be no necessity to provide right and left hand heddles, notwithstanding that the heddles are offset at the central portions thereof, as hereinbefore set forth.

That portion of the invention which relates to 7 the spreading of a part of the punched out strip I5 of a heddle, to prevent nesting of the heddle with adjacent heddles in a series, is equally applicable to other types of heddles. For example, in Figs. 6, 7, and 8 of the drawing there is shown an arrangement provided where the punched out central strip l5 of the heddle Ill is of considerably less longitudinal extent than isthe case where the invention is applied to cross weaving harness, as shown in Figs. 1 to 5. The structure. shown in Figs. 6, 7, and 8 is suitable for the eye portions of heddles for controlling warp ends in plain weaving, or for controlling longitudinal pile wires in pile fabric looms such as are weaving plushes, velvets, friezes, etc.

In this instance, the central portion of the punched out strip l 5 is spread laterally, as at H used. for

in order to provide overhanging portions which.

prevent the entrance of the punched out portion l5 of the heddle Ill into the slot between the two 'side strips l6 of the eye portion of an adjacent heddle.

Loom harness elements constructed as herein described can be readily made at no extra expense in the heddle making machines which are now used for making heddles from thin, fiat strips of metal, and when so constructed-will serve to prevent nesting of the heddles not only when the same are mounted in the loom, but also during their manufacture, it being well known that when such nesting occurs during the making of the heddles certain of the operations are seriously interfered the eye portion of each lifting heddle having an angularly extending part whereby the upper part of said heddle is offset laterally with respect to the lower part thereof, and the strips forming said eye portion following the contour of said offset.

2. In a loom harness for cross weaving, a pair of lifting heddles each comprising a single thin flat strip of metal having an eye portion formed of a plurality of strips disposed in several planes,

and a doup needle having its eye portion engaged by the eye portion of each of the lifting heddles, the eye portion of each lifting heddle having an angularly extending part whereby the upper part of said heddle is oifset laterally with respect to the lower part thereof, and the strips forming said eye portion following the contour of said offset and extending above and below the same.

3. In a loom harness for cross Weaving, a pair of lifting heddles each comprising a single thin flat strip of metal having an eye portion formed of a plurality of strips disposed in several planes, and a doup needle having its eye portion engaged by the eye portion of each of the lifting heddles,

the eye portion of each lifting heddle having any angularly extending part whereby the upper part of said heddle is offset laterally with respect to] the lower part thereof, the strips forming said eye portionfollowing the contour of said offset andextending above and below the same, and the lower end of one strip of the eye portion of each heddle having a portion extending laterally to prevent nesting'of said eye portion with the eye portion of a similar and adjacent heddle.

4. In a loom harness for cross weaving, a pair of lifting heddles each comprising a single thin flat strip of metal having an eye portion formed of a central strip and two side strips, the central strip being disposed out of the plane of the side strips, and a doup needle having its eye portion engaged by the eye portion of each of the lifting heddles, the eye portion of each lifting heddle having an offset, the strips forming said eye portion following the contour of said olfset and extending above and below the same, and the lower end of the central strip of the eye portion of each heddle having a portion extending laterally to prevent nesting of said eye portion with theeye portion of a similar and adjacent heddle.

5. In a loom harness for cross weaving, a pair of lifting heddles each comprising a single thin flat strip of metal having an eye portion formed of a central strip and two side strips, the central strip being disposed out of the plane of the side strips, and a doup needle having its eye portion engaged by the eye portion of each of the lifting heddles, the eye portion of each lifting heddle having an offset, the strips forming said eye portion following the contour of said offset and extending above and belowthe same, each of the lifting heddles being of similar shape and one being turned with respect to the other on its vertical axis, and the lower end of the central strip of the eye portion of each heddle having a portion extending laterally to prevent nesting of said eye portion with the eye portion of a similar and adjacent heddle.

6. In a loom harness, a heddle comprising a thin fiat strip of metal having an eye portion formed of three strips, one of said strips being disposed in a different plane from that of the other strips, and one of said strips having a portion extending laterally to prevent nesting of the eye portion with the eye portion of a similar and adjacent heddle.

7. In a loom harness, a heddle comprising a thin flat strip of metal having an eye portion formed of three strips and having a slot between two of said strips, one of said strips having a portion extending laterally to prevent nesting of the eye portion with the eye portion of a similar and adjacent heddle.

8. In a loom harness, a heddle comprising a thin fiat strip of metal having an eye portion formed of two side strips having a slot between the same and a central strip disposed in a difierent plant from that of the side strips, one of said strips having a portion extending laterally to prevent nesting of said central strip in the slot of a similar and adjacent heddle.

9. In a loom harness, a heddle comprising a thin flat strip of metal having an eye portion formed of two side strips having a slot between the same and a central strip disposed in a different plane from that of the side strips, said central strip having a portion extending laterally to prevent nesting of said central strip in the slot of a similar and adjacent heddle.

10. In a loom harness, a heddle comprising a thin fiat strip of metal having an elongated eye portion formed of two side strips having a slot between the same and a central strip disposed in a different plane from that of the side strips, said central strip having a portion near one end thereof extending laterally to prevent nesting of said central strip in the slot of a similar and adjacent heddle.

11. In a loom harness, a heddle comprising a thin fiat strip of metal having an eye portion formed of two side strips having a slot between the same and a central strip disposed in a different plane from that of the side strips, said central strip having a laterally expanded portion to prevent nesting of said central strip in the slot of a similar and adjacent heddle.

JOHN JACOB KAUFMANN. 

